nystatin and triamcinolone acetonide
Dosage Form: Ointment
FOR DERMATOLOGIC USE ONLY
NOT FOR OPHTHALMIC USE
Mycolog-II Description
Mycolog-II Ointment (Nystatin and Triamcinolone Acetonide Ointment) for dermatologic use contains the antifungal agent nystatin and the synthetic corticosteroid triamcinolone acetonide.
Nystatin is a polyene antimycotic obtained from Streptomyces noursei. It is a yellow to light tan powder with a cereal-like odor, very slightly soluble in water, and slightly to sparingly soluble in alcohol. Structural formula:
Triamcinolone acetonide is designated chemically as 9-fluoro-11β, 16α,17,21- tetrahydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione cyclic 16,17-acetal with acetone. The white to cream crystalline powder has a slight odor, is practically insoluble in water, and very soluble in alcohol. Structural formula:
C24H31FO6 MW 434.50
Mycolog-II (Nystatin and Triamcinolone Acetonide Ointment) provides, in each gram, 100,000 USP nystatin units and 1 mg triamcinolone acetonide in a protective ointment base, Plastibase® (Plasticized Hydrocarbon Gel), a polyethylene and mineral oil gel base.
Mycolog-II - Clinical Pharmacology
Nystatin
Nystatin exerts its antifungal activity against a variety of pathogenic and nonpathogenic yeasts and fungi by binding to sterols in the cell membrane. The binding process renders the cell membrane incapable of functioning as a selective barrier. Nystatin provides specific anticandidal activity to Candida (Monilia) albicans and other Candida species, but is not active against bacteria, protozoa, trichomonads, or viruses.
Nystatin is not absorbed from intact skin or mucous membranes.
Triamcinolone Acetonide
Triamcinolone acetonide is primarily effective because of its anti-inflammatory, antipruritic and vasoconstrictive actions, characteristic of the topical corticosteroid class of drugs. The pharmacologic effects of the topical corticosteroids are well known; however, the mechanisms of their dermatologic actions are unclear. Various laboratory methods, including vasoconstrictor assays, are used to compare and predict potencies and/or clinical efficacies of the topical corticosteroids. There is some evidence to suggest that a recognizable correlation exists between vasoconstrictor potency and therapeutic efficacy in man.
Pharmacokinetics
The extent of percutaneous absorption of topical corticosteroids is determined by many factors including the vehicle, the integrity of the epidermal barrier, and the use of occlusive dressings (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).
Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed from normal intact skin. Inflammation and/or other disease processes in the skin increase percutaneous absorption. Occlusive dressings substantially increase the percutaneous absorption of topical corticosteroids (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).
Once absorbed through the skin, topical corticosteroids are handled through pharmacokinetic pathways similar to systemically administered corticosteroids. Corticosteroids are bound to plasma proteins in varying degrees. Corticosteroids are metabolized primarily in the liver and are then excreted by the kidneys. Some of the topical corticosteroids and their metabolites are also excreted into the bile.
Nystatin and Triamcinolone Acetonide
Patients having mild to severe manifestations of cutaneous candidiasis treated with combined nystatin and triamcinolone acetonide show a faster and more pronounced clearing of erythema and pruritus than patients treated with nystatin or triamcinolone acetonide alone.
Indications and Usage for Mycolog-II
Mycolog-II (Nystatin and Triamcinolone Acetonide Ointment) is indicated for the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis; it has been demonstrated that the nystatin- steroid combination provide greater benefit than the nystatin component alone during the first few days of treatment.
Contraindications
This preparation is contraindicated in those patients with a history of hypersensitivity to any of its components.
Precautions
General
Systemic absorption of topical corticosteroids has produced reversible hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis suppression, manifestations of Cushing's syndrome, hyperglycemia, and glucosuria in some patients.
Conditions that augment systemic absorption include application of the more potent steroids, use over large surface areas, prolonged use, and the addition of occlusive dressings (seeDOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).
Therefore, patients receiving a large dose of any potent topical steroid applied to a large surface area should be evaluated periodically for evidence of HPA axis suppression by using the urinary free cortisol and ACTH stimulation tests, and for impairment of thermal homeostasis. If HPA axis suppression or elevation of the body temperature occurs, an attempt should be made to withdraw the drug, to reduce the frequency of application, or to substitute a less potent steroid.
Recovery of HPA axis function and thermal homeostasis are generally prompt and complete upon discontinuation of the drug. Infrequently, signs and symptoms of steroid withdrawal may occur, requiring supplemental systemic corticosteroids.
Children may absorb proportionally larger amounts of topical corticosteroids and thus be more susceptible to systemic toxicity (see PRECAUTIONS, Pediatric Use).
If irritation or hypersensitivity develops with the combination nystatin and triamcinolone acetonide, treatment should be discontinued and appropriate therapy instituted.
Information for the Patient
Patients using this medication should receive the following information and instructions:
- This medication is to be used as directed by the physician. It is for dermatologic use only. Avoid contact with the eyes.
- Patients should be advised not to use this medication for any disorder other than for which it was prescribed.
- The treated skin area should not be bandaged or otherwise covered or wrapped as to be occluded (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).
- Patients should report any signs of local adverse reactions.
- When using this medication in the inguinal area, patients should be advised to apply the ointment sparingly and to wear loose-fitting clothing.
- Parents of pediatric patients should be advised not to use tight-fitting diapers or plastic pants on a child being treated in the diaper area, as these garments may constitute occlusive dressings.
- Patients should be advised on preventive measures to avoid reinfection.
Laboratory Tests
If there is a lack of therapeutic response, appropriate microbiological studies (e.g., KOH smears and/or cultures) should be repeated to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other pathogens, before instituting another course of therapy.
A urinary free cortisol test and ACTH stimulation test may be helpful in evaluating hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis suppression due to corticosteroid.
Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility
Long-term animal studies have not been performed to evaluate carcinogenic or mutagenic potential, or possible impairment of fertility in males or females.
Pregnancy
Teratogenic Effects: Pregnancy Category C
There are no teratogenic studies with combined nystatin and triamcinolone acetonide. Corticosteroids are generally teratogenic in laboratory animals when administered systemically at relatively low dosage levels. The more potent corticosteroids have been shown to be teratogenic after dermal application in laboratory animals. Therefore, any topical corticosteroid preparation should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
Topical preparations containing corticosteroids should not be used extensively on pregnant patients, in large amounts, or for prolonged periods of time.
Nursing Mothers
It is not known whether any component of this preparation is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised during use of this preparation by a nursing woman.
Pediatric Use
In clinical studies of nystatin-triamcinolone acetonide cream formulation on a limited number of pediatric patients ranging in age from two months through 12 years, the combination cleared or significantly ameliorated the disease state in most patients.
Pediatric patients may demonstrate greater susceptibility to topical corticosteroid induced hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis suppression and Cushing's syndrome than mature patients because of a larger skin surface area to body weight ratio.
HPA axis suppression, Cushing's syndrome, and intracranial hypertension have been reported in children receiving topical corticosteroids. Manifestations of adrenal suppression in children include linear growth retardation, delayed weight gain, low plasma cortisol levels, and absence of response to ACTH stimulation. Manifestations of intracranial hypertension include bulging fontanelles, headaches, and bilateral papilledema.
Administration of topical corticosteroids to children should be limited to the least amount compatible with an effective therapeutic regimen. Chronic corticosteroid therapy may interfere with the growth and development of children.
Adverse Reactions
Acneform eruption has been reported to occur in approximately one percent of patients with use of combined nystatin and triamcinolone acetonide.
Nystatin is virtually nontoxic and nonsensitizing and is well tolerated by all age groups, even during prolonged use. Rarely, irritation may occur.
The following local adverse reactions are reported infrequently with topical corticosteroids (reactions are listed in an approximate decreasing order of occurrence): burning, itching, irritation, dryness, folliculitis, hypertrichosis, acneform eruptions, hypopigmentation, perioral dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, maceration of the skin, secondary infection, skin atrophy, striae, and miliaria.
Overdosage
Topically applied corticosteroids can be absorbed in sufficient amounts to produce systemic effects (see PRECAUTIONS, General); however, acute overdosage and serious adverse effects with dermatologic use are unlikely.
Mycolog-II Dosage and Administration
A thin film of the ointment is usually applied to the affected areas twice daily in the morning and evening.
The preparation should be discontinued if symptoms persist after 25 days of therapy (see PRECAUTIONS, Laboratory Tests).
Mycolog-II Ointment should not be used with occlusive dressings.
How is Mycolog-II Supplied
Mycolog-II Ointment (Nystatin and Triamcinolone Acetonide Ointment) is supplied in tubes:
| 15 g | NDC 0003-0466-30 |
| 30 g | NDC 0003-0466-60 |
| 60 g | NDC 0003-0466-65 |
Storage
Store at room temperature.
APOTHECON®
A Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Princeton, NJ 08540 USA
J4-024C
December 1995
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Revised: 07/2006Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
More Mycolog-II resources
- Mycolog-II Side Effects (in more detail)
- Mycolog-II Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
- Mycolog-II Drug Interactions
- 1 Review for Mycolog-II - Add your own review/rating
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